Program Overview
The Alfred E. Alquist Seismic Safety Act establishes a seismic safety building standards program under HCAI′s jurisdiction for hospitals built on or after March 7, 1973. The Act was initiated because of the loss of life incurred due to the collapse of hospitals during the Sylmar earthquake of 1971. The Act emphasizes that essential facilities, such as hospitals, should remain operational after an earthquake. Hospitals built in accordance with the standards of the Act resisted the January 1994 Northridge earthquake with minimal structural damage, while several facilities built prior to the Act experienced major structural damage and had to be evacuated. “However, certain nonstructural components of the hospitals did incur damage, even facilities built in accordance with the structural provisions of the Act. The provisions and subsequent regulation language of Senate Bill (SB) 1953 amended the Act to address the issues of survivability of both nonstructural and structural components of hospital buildings after a seismic event. Therefore, the ultimate public safety benefit of the Act is to have general acute care hospital buildings that not only are capable of remaining intact after a seismic event, but also capable of continued operation and provision of acute care medical services after a seismic event.
Regulations Developed by HCAI
Hospitals as defined in Section 129725 and licensed pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 1250 of the Health & Safety Code shall comply with the regulations developed by HCAI as mandated by SB 1953. There are approximately 470 general acute care hospital facilities comprised of 2,673 hospital buildings that will be impacted by the provisions of SB 1953. If a facility is to remain a general acute care hospital facility beyond a specified date, the owner must conduct seismic evaluations; prepare both a comprehensive evaluation report and compliance plan to attain specified structural and nonstructural performance categories which must be submitted to HCAI in accordance with these regulations.
Seismic Evaluation
The seismic evaluation procedure regulations consist of eleven articles. The primary purpose of these regulations is to evaluate the potential earthquake performance of a building or building components and to place the building into specified seismic performance categories. The evaluation procedures were developed from experience gained in evaluating and seismically retrofitting deficient buildings in areas of high seismicity.
Seismic Performance Categories (SPCs)
One of the main provisions of SB 1953 is the development of earthquake or seismic performance categories, specifically the Structural Performance Categories (SPC) as found in Article 2 and the Nonstructural Performance Categories (NPC) as found in Article 11. These include seismic performance categories for new and existing general acute care hospitals facilities in various sub-gradations, i.e., from those capable of providing services to the public after a seismic event to those at significant risk of collapse and that represent a danger to the public. Each facility would receive both an SPC and NPC, with both seismic performance categories considered for determination of a facilities compliance with the provisions of the Alquist Act.
Seismic Retrofit Regulations
The seismic retrofit regulations, also known as Division III-R, apply to all existing general acute care hospital buildings. The goal of these regulations is to develop retrofit and repair designs for existing hospital buildings to yield predictable seismic performance, whether at the essential life safety level or post-earthquake continued operations level. The requirements of Division III-R must be used to upgrade from a existing seismic performance category to a higher category level. Specifically, these regulations were explicitly developed for use in the retrofit, repair, modification or alteration of existing hospital buildings.
Specified Timeframes for SPCs
Each general acute care hospital facility must be at certain seismic performance category levels by specified timeframes. For example, in the initial law all general acute care hospital facility buildings must be at the SPC 2 (“Life Safety Level”) by January 1, 2008 to be in compliance with the provisions of the regulations; however, provisions were made to allow this deadline to be extended to January 1, 2013 if compliance with the 2008 deadline would result in a diminished capacity of healthcare services to the community. In addition, timeframes for submittal of seismic evaluations, compliance plans, and other seismic performance levels are cited in the seismic evaluation procedure regulations
For questions regarding the Seismic Compliance Program, please email the Seismic Compliance Unit.